Sweeping away the many hoaxes that have been said, in recent times, according to which the ships of the Italian navy entered the Libyan territorial waters to load the many migrants, as our marina was limited to remain beyond the 12 nautical miles from the Libyan coasts and , therefore, in international waters, also based on the latest developments on the operation EUNAVFORMED II (v.articolo), finally the European Union car, on the migration problem, is setting in motion on the bank of the now well-known Libyan route.
Thanks to the successful plan with Turkey, where the EU signed an agreement, a few years ago, to curb the haemorrhage of migrants from crisis areas, such as Syria and Iraq, the EU Commission is ready to tackle the issue migrants from the Libyan coast through an action plan - called Migration in the central Mediterranean route - to limit the departures of thousands of individuals of various nationalities of the African continent to Italy and Malta. Obviously, this is, for now, a draft of the project, studied byHigh Representative Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and his colleague who deals with migration issues - or the Commissioner for migration - which will be examined by the EU Heads of State and Government.
This project includes the request to be forwarded to the authorities of the Government of Libyan national agreement, to approve that ships flying the European flag can enter the territorial sea of Libya with the sole purpose of countering the so-called traffic of people or of seal the Libyan ports. In the event that the main plan does not materialize for various reasons, the second plan which would concern a kind of line of protection (CD naval stop), which should be managed by the government of Tripoli in front of the ports and beaches, from which i smugglers o traffickers of human beings they fill with individuals and start the boats full of people who want to reach the Italian coasts.
Some mention was made of the Turkish-Greek route which, I repeat, thanks to the agreement between Turkey and the EU, was closed, that is to say that it was decided to close the Turkish-Greek maritime crossing. Closed this route, the only one that remains open is that, precisely, Libyan, where the traffickers of human beings are taking advantage of political instability and the disintegration of control of the territory and its borders. All this depends on the fragile political situation in Libya, with a government wanted and supported by the international community that rests on the many weak pillars and that may not favor the EU project.
The content of the draft aims to convince the EU states to explore the feasibility of extending theoperation SOPHIA (v.articolo), against the traffic and trafficking of human beings in the entire Mediterranean area, entering the territorial sea of Libya, but to realize what is contained in the project requires the approval of the Government of Libyan national agreement.
In case the plan A does not work or go to port, the EU has already thought about the implementation of a second floor, called plan B, Called line of protection. What does this backup plan consist of? It consists of a blockade of ships, which must be carried out by the Coast Guard and the navy of the Libyan State, with the aim of hindering the traffickers of people who organize and start small boats full of individuals towards the Italian coast, as well the Maltese ones. The idea is to build a solid cooperation network between Libya and the EU with a deployment of Libyan men, supported by the mission EUNAVFORMED, with the aim of rescuing migrants drifting and destroying the captured boats, in addition to the financial, logistic and training support of the EU.
Another interesting point, not to be underestimated, if you also want to achieve the goal of blocking the business of human traffickers or traffickers, is that EU Member States are considering whether to use the men of the Strength of the European Gendarmerie, a new international organization, established in 2007, for the will of some states such as France, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Holland, with the signing of a treaty for its realization, signed in the Dutch town of Velsen (G. PACCIONE, The European Gendarmerie Force, an international organization with a functional character, in A. TORRE (edited by), Constitutions and state security, Maggioli Editore, Rimini, 2013, p.1159 ss.), With the task of destroying every kind of boat that favors the transport of migrants.
Another important aspect, which EU Member States are examining, concerns the work of many non-governmental organizations - so-called NGOs - which often operate at the border boundary adjacent to the territorial sea of the Libyan state. It is a matter of understanding whether these NGOs are carrying out legal activities on a humanitarian level and whether these actions in favor of boats that are unsuitable and full of migrants do not constitute an incentive capable of inducing these criminal groups of smugglers to put at sea small or medium-sized boats that are crumbling and dangerous enough to endanger the safety of the migrants themselves, sure that in the end there will be the immediate intervention of these NGO ships.
This project has the additional purpose of avoiding that, during the next summer period, almost a million migrants can leave for Italy and Malta. The positive figure comes from those EU countries - such as the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovenia and Hungary - which despite being opposed to the redistribution of asylum seekers, id est asylum seekers gave theirs placet to the plan and, therefore, favorable to the blocking of the migratory flows that have their origin in Libya.
In addition, in addition to strengthening the Libyan coast guard, it aims to bring some African states in the north, such as Egypt, Algeria and Tunisia, in concert with the secret services of the various EU Member States, with theINTERPOL, and EUNAVFORMED II o Operation SOPHIA, for the capture of groups of smugglers o traffickers of human beings. This makes better the inhuman conditions of beings who migrate to Europe through Libya, with the help of the United Nations and the construction of new crisis points.
In conclusion, this plan also aims to improve the voluntary repatriation of economic migrants from Libya by favoring reintegration in their country of origin and supporting the North African country in better managing the southern borders.
(photo: CSDP EEAS)
